316Ti Stainless Steel
A titanium-stabilized austenitic Cr-Ni-Mo stainless steel
Typical values for the temper in the title
316Ti is 316 with added titanium. As in 321, the titanium bonds with carbon and prevents chromium carbides, so welded zones and prolonged hot service do not make it sensitive to intergranular corrosion. The molybdenum gives it the chloride resistance of 316.
It is particularly common in Germany and central Europe (1.4571), where for years it was the traditional choice for chemical equipment. Elsewhere, 316L is more common for the same uses.
Mechanical and physical properties
| Property | Value | Note |
|---|---|---|
| Tensile strength Rm | 485–620 MPa | |
| Yield strength Rp0.2 | 170–310 MPa | |
| Elongation A | 40% | |
| Hardness | 140–200 HB | |
| Modulus of elasticity E | 200 GPa | |
| Density ρ | 8.00 g/cm³ | |
| Machinability | 40% | relative rating in the site database |
Chemical composition (wt %)
| Element | Range | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Cr chromium | 16.0–18.0 | the protective layer |
| Ni nickel | 10.0–14.0 | austenitic structure |
| Mo molybdenum | 2.00–3.00 | chloride resistance |
| Ti titanium | min 5×(C+N), up to 0.70 | stabilization: ties up carbon |
| C carbon | max 0.08 | |
| Mn manganese | max 2.00 | |
| Si silicon | max 0.75 | |
| N nitrogen | max 0.10 | |
| Fe iron | balance |
Ranges per ASTM A240 (plate and sheet). Other product standards, and different editions of the standard, vary slightly. For purchasing, rely on the standard in the order.
Conditions and heat treatment
Like all austenitic stainless, it is not hardened by heat treatment. The normal delivery condition is annealed.
| Condition | Properties | When to choose it |
|---|---|---|
| Annealed | the normal condition: soft, ductile, most corrosion resistant | most applications |
| Cold worked (¼H to full hard) | much higher strength, slightly magnetic | strong springs, sheet and strip |
| Not hardenable by heat treatment | — | austenitic stainless strengthens only by cold work |
Applications
- Chemical industry equipment
- Tanks and heat exchangers
- Equipment in moderate heat with chlorides
- Welded piping
- Components to European specifications
Fabrication
Welding
Welds well, usually with 316L filler or a niobium-stabilized filler (318), because titanium burns off in the arc.
Machining
Slightly harder than 316L: the hard titanium particles wear tools.
Polishing
Titanium particles make a bright polish harder. For a bright finish, 316L is better.
Compared with similar materials
| Material | Rm / Rp0.2 | Welding | When it is the better choice |
|---|---|---|---|
| 316 / 316L | 485–620 / 170–310 MPa | Excellent — ER316L | the unstabilized version, more common · material page |
| 321 | 515–620 / 205–310 MPa | Excellent — Ti Stabilized | titanium-stabilized, without molybdenum · material page |
| 317L | 515–620 / 205–310 MPa | Good | more molybdenum, for harsher conditions · material page |
Common mistakes
Choosing 316Ti for a bright polish
Titanium particles hurt the finish. For polishing, 316L.
Replacing 1.4571 with 316L without checking
In a European specification, stabilization may be required for a reason, such as hot service. Check.
Welding with 316Ti filler
Titanium burns off in the arc. Use 316L or 318 filler.
Equivalents, standards and supply
| EN | 1.4571 |
|---|---|
| DIN | X6CrNiMoTi17-12-2 |
| JIS | SUS316Ti |
| Standards | ASTM A240 / EN 10088-2 |
| Forms | plate · pipe |
| Producers | Outokumpu · Aperam · ThyssenKrupp · Valbruna |
Learn more
Values are typical and for comparison only. For design, rely on the standard and on the mill certificate. Sources: ASTM A240, ASTM A276 and EN 10088 (composition), producer data sheets, and the METAL HUB materials database.
Updated: October 31, 2026