Grade 2 Titanium
Commercially pure (CP) titanium
Typical values for the temper in the title
Grade 2 is the most common commercially pure titanium, the "workhorse" of unalloyed titanium. It combines moderate strength (minimum 345 MPa) with good formability, excellent weldability and outstanding corrosion resistance, including in seawater and chlorides.
It is used in the chemical and marine industries, heat exchangers, desalination, piping and aerospace (for parts without high loads). A version is also defined for medical implants (ISO 5832-2).
Mechanical and physical properties
| Property | Value | Note |
|---|---|---|
| Tensile strength Rm | 340–440 MPa | typical value; minimum 345 |
| Yield strength Rp0.2 | 275–375 MPa | typical value; minimum 275 |
| Elongation A | 20% | |
| Hardness | 120 HB | |
| Modulus of elasticity E | 103 GPa | |
| Density ρ | 4.51 g/cm³ | |
| Machinability | 55% | relative rating in the site database |
Chemical composition (wt %)
| Element | Range | Role |
|---|---|---|
| O oxygen | max 0.25 | the element that sets strength in pure titanium |
| Fe iron | max 0.30 | |
| N nitrogen | max 0.03 | |
| C carbon | max 0.08 | |
| H hydrogen | max 0.015 | limited: causes embrittlement |
| Ti titanium | balance |
Ranges per ASTM B265 (strip, sheet and plate).
Conditions and heat treatment
Commercially pure titanium is not strengthened by heat treatment. Strength is set by oxygen and iron content, and by cold work.
| Condition | Properties | When to choose it |
|---|---|---|
| Annealed | Rm min 345 MPa, yield min 275 MPa, elongation min 20% | the normal delivery condition per ASTM B265 |
Applications
- Heat exchangers and condensers
- Chemical equipment and piping
- Marine and desalination equipment
- Lightly loaded aerospace parts
- Medical implants (per ISO 5832-2)
Fabrication
Machining
Titanium conducts heat poorly, so heat stays at the tool edge. Use low cutting speed, adequate feed (do not "rub"), sharp tools and plenty of coolant. Fine chips can ignite.
Welding
Welds well by TIG, but only with full inert-gas shielding, including a trailing shield and backing gas. Oxygen and nitrogen from the air embrittle the weld. Weld color (silver, not blue or grey) indicates shielding quality.
Threads and contact
Titanium tends to gall in sliding contact. Use anti-seize compound on threads.
Compared with similar materials
| Material | Rm / Rp0.2 | Welding | When it is the better choice |
|---|---|---|---|
| Grade 1 | 240 / 170 MPa | Excellent — ERTi-1 | softer, for deep drawing · material page |
| Grade 4 | 550 / 480 MPa | Excellent | stronger · material page |
| 316 / 316L | 485–620 / 170–310 MPa | Excellent — ER316L | stainless: cheaper, less resistant to chlorides · material page |
Common mistakes
Assuming pure titanium is "weak"
Strength is lower than the alloys, but good for its weight, and corrosion resistance is excellent.
Welding without full gas shielding
The weld becomes brittle. Its color indicates shielding quality.
Replacing titanium with stainless in warm seawater
316 may pit and crevice-corrode where titanium resists.
Equivalents, standards and supply
| ASTM | Grade 2 |
|---|---|
| EN | 3.7035 |
| Standards | ASTM B265 / AMS 4902 / ISO 5832-2 |
| Forms | plate · rod · pipe |
| Producers | TIMET · ATI · VSMPO-AVISMA · Valbruna |
Learn more
Values are typical and for comparison only. For design, rely on the standard and the mill certificate. Sources: ASTM B265 (sheet and plate), ASTM F136, AMS specifications, producer data sheets, and the METAL HUB materials database.
Updated: October 31, 2026